Unix Operating System
Unix is a powerful, multi-user, multitasking operating system (OS) originally developed in the 1960s at AT&T Bell Labs by Ken Thompson, Dennis Ritchie, and others. It has influenced many modern operating systems, including Linux, macOS, and BSD.
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Key Features of Unix:
✔ Multi-user & Multitasking – Supports multiple users and processes simultaneously.
✔ Portability – Can run on various hardware platforms.
✔ Hierarchical File System – Organizes files in directories.
✔ Shell & Command-Line Interface (CLI) – Uses commands for system control.
✔ Security & Permissions – User-based access control.
✔ Networking & Scripting – Built-in networking and automation capabilities.
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Unix Architecture
Unix is structured into four main layers:
1. Hardware – The physical components (CPU, memory, disks).
2. Kernel – The core of Unix, managing resources and processes.
3. Shell – The command-line interpreter that interacts with the kernel.
4. User Applications – Programs like editors, compilers, and utilities.
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Popular Unix-Based Operating Systems
✔ macOS (Apple)
✔ Solaris (Oracle)
✔ AIX (IBM)
✔ FreeBSD / OpenBSD / NetBSD
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